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Guide to Patagonia's Monsters & Mysterious beings

I have written a book on this intriguing subject which has just been published.
In this blog I will post excerpts and other interesting texts on this fascinating subject.

Austin Whittall


Showing posts with label fox. Show all posts
Showing posts with label fox. Show all posts

Sunday, November 23, 2025

The Last Warrah (Falkland-Malvinas wolf-fox): Isla Pavón Santa Cruz - 1875


Llaras Samitier wrote an article back in March 1965 (La Argentina Austral, No. 401 Leyendas del Río Santa Cruz, Tadición de un Zorro. p.8) in which, among others, he tells the following story about the now extinct Warrah. The author mentions Pavón Island, which was set in the middle of the Santa Cruz River (see it in Google maps), it was here that Argentine naval officer Luis Piedrabuena had set up his fortified enclave and traded with sealers and Tehuelche natives. From here George Musters set out in 1869 towards Carmen de Patagones on an expedition that covered more than 2,300 km (1,430 mi).


Below we quote Llaras Samitier's text


"A FOX'S LEGEND.
 
There on Pavón Island, there also lived a warrah, the Falkland Islands fox (Dusicyon australis or Canis antarcticus), which, according to the inhabitants of the trading post, disappeared at the end of the summer of 1875. It is generally accepted that the last one in the Falklands was hunted in 1876, since from that date onward, there was no further news of the existence of this animal. But at the end of 1874, a sealing vessel that docked in Port Louis established a camp on land so the crew could rest and also to caulk the boats, badly damaged during a brief Antarctic campaign. During their stay, a fox cub approached the tents and became familiar with the crew members working on land, from whom it meekly accepted food and a few kicks. One Sunday, when the first officer, after preparing and greasing his boots, he placed them at the entrance of the tent. The little animal, unable to think of anything better to do, started gnawing on those greedily greased or oiled leathers, as if they were meant for him. Furious, the first officer fired several revolver shots at him, missing his target, but the fox wasn't frightened; he just stood there gazing mockingly at him from a short distance. Amid laughter and comments after such a summary trial, it was decided to spare his life and take him on board as a pet the next day, if he was still around. Indeed, the next day the American-registered schooner set sail, taking the puppy on board. On their return, they stopped at Santa Cruz to replenish their salt supplies, and everyone was fed up with the pet, as it punctuated its endless days of leisure on board by gnawing on anything made of leather, especially the crew's footwear. When some of the laborers at the island's trading post inquired about this unusual "specimen of a dog," it was immediately offered as a gift, an offer that was accepted, particularly by Juan Razo, who considered himself the dog's owner. Although at first it didn't get along well with the pack of dogs living on the island, little by little they grew accustomed to tolerating it. The truth is that one cool April night, while his owner was fishing on the riverbank, the fox that accompanied him began to howl. He howled plaintively, sitting on the shore, until, driven by some strange force known only to God, he resolutely plunged into the water. It is assumed that the river became his grave, for he was never seen again. Perhaps he heard the call of a riverside fox and managed to cross the river, disappearing into the Patagonian pampas. The fact is the name of one of the last specimens of that breed of canid, which became extinct in 1876, is linked to the great
[Santa Cruz] River, contributing to its first legend.


This same story was reported in Chebez, J. C., Bertonatti, C. (1994). Los que se van: especies argentinas en peligro. Argentina: Editorial Albatros, p. 50.


Did the Warrah survive extinction?


Liborio Justo, (1902-2003) was an Argentine author known also by his pseudonym Lobodón Garra (name that combines the words wolf, mylodon, and claw – in Spanish, lobo, milodón, and garra). Between 1926 and the early 1930s, he traveled extensively to Patagonia and wrote about his experiences in his book "La Tierra Maldita" (The Cursed Land), which has a gripping and natural Jack London style.


In one of his fictional works written in the 1930s, "Las Brumas del Terror", he tells about an old man at Dumas Peninsula on the Fuegian island of Hoste, is accompanied by a "uarrah". Justo suggests that maybe some warrah had managed to survive and were taken to the mainland by seal hunters that frequented the islands. Probably a case of fiction inspired by facts.


warrah coin
2021 Warrah Fox Falkland Island 50p.

warrah
Embalmed Warrah Fox . Source

The possibility that a warrah brought from its island home to the continent is exciting, and if it managed to breed in the wild it opens the possibility that warrah genes could still be found among Patagonian dogs or even its foxes.



Patagonian Monsters - Cryptozoology, Myths & legends in Patagonia Copyright 2009-2025 by Austin Whittall © 

Friday, October 10, 2025

Fuegian Fox (or Wolf?)


Lucas Bridges, the first European to be born in Tierra del Fuego in 1874, lived most of his life on the Island in the days when the native Selk'nam, Yámana, and Kaweskar roamed freely on the Island and its surrounding areas. He spoke the native languages and experienced the gradual decline and disappearance of the natives as Europeans set up vast sheep ranches on the Island.


Bridges collected plenty of information during his interactions with the local natives, including the following story, which he included in his book Uttermost Part of the Earth (read it online here), foxes hunting in a pack, like wolves.


"We started off together from Harberton, both wearing snow-shoes. Amongst the mountains we saw an occasional fox-track in the snow. In the great forest, before reaching Lake Kami, we came on the tracks of over thirty of them, all travelling together in the same direction. Ahnikin told me that on rare occasions, when driven by hunger, foxes gathered in packs to hunt guanaco. I myself had never before witnessed this wolf-like trait in foxes. Nor had my father. He had spoken of having heard Yahgans telling of foxes hunting in packs when weather was extremely bad, but he had added that he was" inclined to doubt it."


Bridges is right, foxes are solitary hunters and don't hunt in packs; they are similar to cats in their stealthy ways, they hunt alone, as individuals, and pounce upon their prey to catch it after stalking it.


Wolves, on the other hand are sociable, they live in family groups, and are cooperative, They hunt in groups. This gives them an advantage becasue they can bring down larger prey by acting as a group and this improves the chances of survival of the pack in the cold environment where they live.


Guanacos are quite big, far to big for a single fox to hunt. A pack of large-sized foxes could bring one down.


Could Ahnikin and the Yahgans have seen Dusicyon avus fox-wolf? It was the size of a coyote (mentioned in this post), or was it some kind of warrah the fox-wolf of the Falklands-Malvinas Islands, both animals were related, and became extinct within the past 400 - 150 years respectively.


Dusicyon avus
D. avus. Wikabyel, some rights reserved CC BY-SA 4.0. Source


Patagonian Monsters - Cryptozoology, Myths & legends in Patagonia Copyright 2009-2025 by Austin Whittall © 

Wednesday, July 18, 2018

More on the Fuegian "dog" (actually a fox)


Following a recent paper that more or less says that American dogs were wiped out when Europeans arrived post-1492 AD, I came across this paper on the Fuegian Dog, which ratifies what I posted (Fuegian Dog: that they were domesticated foxes!)


This paper Molecular identification of a Fuegian dog belonging to the Fagnano Regional Museum ethnographic collection Tierra del Fuego by Romina S.Petrigh, Martín H.Fugassa, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2013.07.030, Quaternary International, Volume 317, 13 December 2013, Pages 14-18, tells us the following:


"Abstract
Native-European contact in Tierra del Fuego was a rapid process, for which little ethnographic information has been produced. Although the Fuegian dog seemed to have been important to Selk'nam people's life, the taxonomic status of this extinct animal is still uncertain. The aim of the present work was to determine the zoological identity of a taxidermized canid belonging to a Fagnano Regional Museum collection, Río Grande, Tierra del Fuego. For this purpose, DNA from Fuegian dog and patagonian wild canids (Lycalopex culpaeus, Lycalopex griseus and Lycalopex gymnocercus) hairs was extracted. An mtDNA Region Control fragment was amplified by PCR and sequenced. Sequence alignment was performed among the sequences that were obtained in this research and the Canis lupus familiaris sequence from GenBank. Pairwise analysis showed a higher identity between the Fuegian dog and the culpeo fox (97.57%), with greater divergence with the current domestic dog (88.93%). These results were supported by the molecular phylogenetic analysis, suggesting atypical fox domestication by hunter-gatherers.
"


Above is the tree from the cited paper


This is another reference on Fuegian dogs (The Natural History of Dogs: Canidae Or Genus Canis of Authors ; Including Also the Genera Hyaena and Proteles, Volume 2) from 1840, by Charles Hamilton Smith.



Patagonian Monsters - Cryptozoology, Myths & legends in Patagonia Copyright 2009-2018 by Austin Whittall © 
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